System of concrete construction



March 1,1927. 1,619,321

` A. E. TROIEL SYSTEM OF CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION A Original Filed Deo. 9. 1920 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 7765.3. /M-,W m l o 0 0 Q O 0 o o o O 0 o o 0 O O o O D o C O o o D o o0 iff/U3@ o /N ff/V705' H H Ari/71171K. T7076/ ,o oo o ooo 77 w I March 1 1927,.

- 1,619,321 A. E. TROIEL SYSTEM OF CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION original Filed Dec. 9, 1920 4 sheets-sheet :s

ooooooooo\\oooooocoooooo /f Ari/lari?. T7016] March l 1927. 1,619,321

A. E. TROIEI.

SYSTEM oF CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION Original F'iled Dec. 9. 1920 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 o Of o O O 3 o /O// o o o o fJ" o n o o d o QV' o o O O /54 O o J6 o 0*/ o o o O o c o o o o figg/:

A 6 /7 20mm.. l

...... /NVE/VTO/ y@ Aiiz/TE Troie! .Eux "Aj jQ/Z@ Q7 p/ Patented Mar. 1, 1927i ',UNITED STATES .PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR E. TROIEL, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

SYSTEM F CONCRETE C NSTRUCTION.v

.Application led December 9, 1920, Serial No. 429,346. Renewed August 16, 1926.-

This invention relates to an improved system of yconcrete wall construction andthe forms for carrying the same into practice.

The principal object of my present invention is to provide a system of interchange- `able forms for hollow concrete walls which contain dead air spaces to prevent the transmission of moisture from the outside of the building to the inside of the same.

In constructing a hollow wall of this character I provide a system of forms whic'hare vertically movable on stationary corner pieces. I provide an improved form of tie rod by which the forms are temporarily held in spaced relation while the concrete is being poured, and after the latter has set, a portion of the said tie rods are removed in order that the forms may reset in a vertical direction. Another portion of the tie rod remains embedded in the inner and outer wallsec tions to elfectively tie them together.

f I also provide forms which enable me to form recesses in the wall for sliding windows, the forms for the latter being expansible so that after the pocket is formed they may be again expanded to contact with the adjacent core forms and thus, above the window pocket, make a continuous air chamber.

My forms are so constructed that a maximum degree of rigidity is secured so as to `avoid the use of stays and other similar devices for holding the forms in a vertical position. By the use of a comparatively small number of form sections, aY wall length of almost any dimension may be constructed. In connectionv with these forms there is also provided means by which girders and cornices may be integrally vformed with the walls and floors. I also provide 'means which enables a gable to'be constructed with the use of only one specialform for this purpose.

With these and other objects'in View, my

invention consists in' certain novel features of construction, combinations and arrangement of' parts herein illustrated and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification:

Figure 1 is a view in: plan of a building l structure showing the manner in Which the several members of my form are used.

Figure 2 is a view in section through the base of a concrete wall showing the manner in which the. footing maybe formed. Y

Figure 3 is a view in section of a side Wall showing the side plates, the core form and the ack for raising the parts. Y i

Figure 4 is a view in side elevation kof a core form. .y

Figure-5 is a view in section showing the use of myform parts for moulding a cornice. Figure 6 is a view in perspective of the standardside plate. f

Figure 7 is a view 1n perspective of an inside corner plate.

Figure 8 is a view in perspective of an angle form plate. Y

Figure 9 is a view in side elevation of the T iron which is attached to the .corner forms and on which vthe intermediateA side forms are'slidable.

Figures 10 andll'are views in plan and Vside elevation showing details of the connection between corner form plates. and side form plates. v y

Figure 12 is a view in plan of the tie bar which constitutes apart of the arrangement for holding the form plates in position.

Figure- 13` is a view in: perspective of a mold section which is used for stopping off the air spaces and for other purposes.

Figure 14 is a view in plan showing the use of a modified form of side plate.

Figure 15 is a view in end elevation showing the use of the hinged gable plates.

Figure 16 is a fragmentary sectional View through one end of a core form. Figure 17 is a view in side elevation showing a portion of the forms for a building preparatory Lopouring the concrete.

Referring to corresponding parts in the several views by the same numerals and letters of reference, my forms comprise a num- 'shown at 4f. The flanges 3 are provided with a row of uniformly spaced holes 7 which enables the member to be attached to other form sections or to the guide bars hereinafter described. These corner members are made preferably in lengths which correspond tothe height of the walls andare `one or more intermediate angles lo.

carefully aligned and held in a vertical position. The guides 6 above referred to may be formed of T-bars which also serve to connect two or more corner sections together. These bars have holes 8 drilled through the web into the stein and this opening is screw threaded for suitable connecting bolts 9. `The holes 8 are spaced apart a multiple ot the spacing of holes 7.

The outside corners and flat wall surfaces areformed bytype B plates particularly illustrated in Figure 6. These plates coinprise the tlat portions 10 having flanged ends `11 which in turn are ribbed as shown at l2.

`The flanges have uniformly spaced holes 13.

-the spacing correspendingr to that in the flanges of the corner sections. The ends ot these flanges are notched and grooved as shown at lfor engagement with the guides 6. To prevent buckling of the type B plates in a direction at right angles to the flanges I rivet angles 15 to 'the sides and if required In addition I rivet flat plates 17 inside ot the tiange ends which plates are slotted to match slot 14:. Then the plates l0 are adjacent a corner form it is necessary to `prevent them from pulling apart and for this purpose I provide a bar 18 which is bolted to the rib l2 and provided with a hooked end 19 which engages the rib of the adjacentfcorner inember. The type A and B sections also have rows of uniformly spaced holes 20. Throughout this specitication and claims the parts having cooperating holestherein have been defined as having equally spaced holes. uni

forinly spaced holes. etc., and it should be understood that such expressions are intended to include a series of holes which are spaced multiple distances relative to a cooperating series of holes.

The outside corners are formed by bolting together two of the type B sections. the flange of one being placed against the inside face of the other and bolts passed through holes 13 and 20. Type C plates are used tor making an angular offset in the wall or for forming fillets between a vertical and a hori- Zonta] surface. These plates comprise the iiat body 22 with the angularlybent flanges Q3. The body and flanges are provided with holes 24 and Q5 spaced the same asthe corresponding holes in the type A and B plates. These plates are used as shown in Figures and. At 36 in Figure 2 one of the type C sections is bolted to the `face of a type B section by passing boltsthrough a hole il() in each row` and then through theholes 25. This enables the thickness ot the toe of the footing to be varied by the spacing of' the holes 20. The upper flange of the angle pxlate is bolted to the lower tlange of a type plate. The B and C plates may also be connected by the use of angles 52S.

rhe core forms comprise a non-expansihle type denoted by D and an expansible type denoted by lil. The former comprises side plates which have 'their upper edges crimped to engage two baeleto-back channel members lhese channel members are bolted between two opposed plates 30 and their upper `flanges are engaged by the lift:- in g liack later described. The channel members have a height.` equal to the width bctween the side plates and short lengths of the channels are attachci'l to the ends of' the plates ltl and thus close these ends. In the type I) cores an `end channel 32 is placed in each end oit the core leaving opentlie bottom only.

`side plates fzill are placed one against the other and then bolted to channels. This is the equivalent ot one part of the form telescoping in the other. and ot course one end only ot each part is closed by an end channel The side plates in both types are formed with slots 33 extending upwardly trom their `louer edges. These slots are to permit the entrance oi the tie `bars next described.

The tie device comprises a flat bar 3st havingr bent ends 35 which are provided with srii'ew threaded openings. 36. The side edges ofthe har are notched as shown at 3T for engagea/lent he the edges of slots 353. The

distance between the bottom ot opposed notches is the same as the width ot' slots Si?. Thus when the slots ot the plates are engaged in the notches of a bar 34 the latter holds the lower edges of' the plates in spaced. relation.

Engaged in holes 3G are screws 3T 'which are provided with substantially rectangular eyest.` This shape is used so that the eye will rest fiat against the outside ot the 'forni plates. In construction. the bars are placed in slots 33 above the `Finished concrete as shown in Figure Q and the screws 37 entered through holes J0 in the side plates and en gaged in the holes fflti. lVhen the screw heads are tightened against the faces ot the plates itl. the latter will be etl'ectively clamped against the `tinisht-ul work. i These tics may also be used to held the reinforcingr rods in position two of these rods being indicated at 40 in Figure 5l. Alfter the space between the core and the outside plates have been filled with concrete the screwsl are removed. the bar remaining in position to tie the wall sec-k tions together.

The lifting ot the YForm sections is accom plished with jacks as illustrated in Figures il and t and any number ot which may be used along.r the upper edge ot thc construction. `lllach jack comprises the two-leggcd stands #tl across the tops oi which is tastened a bar ft2. Inv threaded engagement with this bar is a screw t3 having a hand operating wheel ll-l. A clutch disk is swiveledto the lower-endV of the screw'and this disk is slotted 1 to engage the upper flanges of( channelsU 31.l Attached to the channels by bolts L16 extending through the core' plates as well, are laterally extending arms 47 the outer ends of whichare bolted .to the flanges of the side plates 10. These arms thus serve to hold the upper edges of the side plates inspaced relation to the core and each other. In addition the side plates are tied tothe core so that when the latter tion by resting one of its ribs on the flange of al lower sideplate as shown in Figure 5. Then a moulding formof the desired shape as shown at 50 is bolted to the holes 2O in thedhorizontal plate. 'The outery edge of the lat-ter 'may be supported in any desired means such as a brace 51. The upper ends provided witha longitudinal centrally dis posed row of holes 55. Theflanges 54 have holes 56 which are spaced the same as holes 7 and 13 as these flanges are frequently Abolted to type A or B forms -as shown at 57 and 58 respectively in'Figurefl. These sections are also bolted between vertical side wall and core sections to stop olf the concrete where wall openings are formed.

These forms are also usedto connect the tops of thevcorner forms and alsoas guides for the vertical reinforcing steel. This use is shown in Figuresl and 17. Several of the sections are connected endwise and bolted between opposite corner sections yat their upper ends. The reinforcingsteel 60 may then be slipped through the holes 55 as guides. These sections thus hold the corner guide forms from spreading and the steel in the center of the wall sections. After the pouring of the concrete has proceeded to a sufficient height these type F sections are removed, as at that time the tie members will effectively hold the corners and the stiffness of the steel will keep it in place.

rlhe modied sidel plate shown in Figure 14C and denoted by G is constructed the same as the B sections'except that one edge is not flanged. This plate is used only in connectionY with one of the corner forms Vwhere a close adjustn'ient of wall length is desired. By bolting one of this type of sections to the regular corner form a variation may be made in length of wall as the spacing of holes 20. These plates may also be provided with special punchings which enable them to be used to iinish gable Walls. In thiscase two of the plates denoted by 61 are pivoted together near one corner as shown at 62. A number of holes 63 are'punched on an arc the center of which is thatof the pivot 62.l The spacing oft-hese holes is such that all the regular roof pitches may be obtained by merely bolt- Ving the two plates together through certain designated holes. These gable plates may be 'used by bolting to the regularcorner and side plates as shown in Figurel, or the gable may be built up in step fashion by the B plates and after they have been removed the gable plates clamped in positionand the upper edges finished. i

In use the corner members A and the plates B whichare used at the corners are made in lengths of say ten feet. The inside and outside corners are placed in position and securely anchored. The forms may be held square by means of the corner bars 65.' There long stretches of flat wall surfaces are to be formed several of the type- B plates may be. joined together as shown at 66. Only a single row of B sections is used between opposite corner guides. these sections and the cores being raised vertically as the work proceeds.

One use of the expansible core forms is shown in Figure 1 where a window opening 67 is provided with side pockets 68. These pockets are closed from the air space between the walls by bridges'69. After the top of the opening has been reached the formsk are expanded a. suflicient distance so that the ends meet theadj acent core forms.

Where form sections such as C or the moulding 50 are used the proper corners are of course provided. Inmaking up the cores the same channels are used both for the ends 32 and between the plates as at 31, hence the latter only appear at intervals depending on the spacing of the lifting jacks.

I claim as new and wish to cover by Letters Patent: f

1. A system offorms for plastic wall construction consisting of two relatively spaced vertically extending pairs of corner forming sections, eachV pair comprising a self-sustaining rigid and unita-ry inner angular metalplate member and a complementary outer angular member spaced therefrom,.

inner and outer wall sections between and supported for vertical adjustment on the inner and outer corner sections respectively7 and means for holding the inner and outer wall sections together to move simultaneously while in spaced relation to eachother and' withoutymovement of the corner sections.

2. A system of forms for plastic wall construction eonsisting of two relatively spaced vertically extending pairs of corner forming sections, each pair comprising a self-sustainlla' AI U

ing rigid and unitary inner angular metal plate member and a complementary.outer angular member spaced therefrom, and rela tively narrow side wall .torming sections supported'livv and verticalliT adjustable on said corner sections as the wall construction proceeds. i

3. A system of forms tor plastic wall construction comprising vertically extending inner and outer angular corner formingr sections, vertical guides carried b v and along the edges ot the said corner sections, relatively narrow side all forming sections extending between said corner sections. and means on theends of theside sections for engaging' and forming a vertically movable tongue and `proeve connection with saidguides.

4. A. system of 'lorms for plastic wall constructioncomprising spaced inner and outer cornerforming forms, flanged edges on said forms. guides removably attached to said tlanges,`side wall sections extending' be tween said corner sections. and means on the ends ot said side wall forms for engaging said guides and providing a tongue and groove connection permitting a vertical movement thereon as the wall construction proceedsl i 5. A system ot' forms for plastic wall construction consisting of two relativelyT spaced vertically extending pairs olf corner torm ing sections, each pair comprising a selfsustaining rigid and unitari7 inner angular metal plate member and a complementary outer angular member spaced therefrom, inner and outer wall sections between and supported for vertical adjustment on the. inner and outer corner sections respectively. and inter-locking guide means cooperating with the wall sections and corner sections tor preventing the lateral separation of such sections while permitting the Wall sections `:o -be moved vertically on `the c n.'ner sections. i i

6. A system ot forms for concrete wall construction comprising an inner corner section. an outside corner section said corner sections extending to the height .of the lin ished wall, inside and outside wall sections verticali)7 movable on said corner sections,

`core Jforms between said side wall sections to form an air chamber in the wall, and

,means for holding the .upper and lower edges to form an air chamber in the wall, means above the moulded wall for holding the upper edges ot' said core terms and said side sections in spaced relation and tie rods ad- `jacent the'lewer edges of said core forms,

for holding said forms in spaced relation between the side sections, said tie rods being adapted to he embedded in the wall to tie the parts together.

8. A system of forms tor plastic wall construction comprising side wall sections, core forms for 'forming an air chamber within the wall. means for holding the top edges of the core forms in spaced relation with the side wall sections said core forms having vertical open ended slots in the lower edges thereof, tie rods extending across `said air chamber to become permanently incorporated in the n' all sections and having .notches on the edges thereof adapted to `be engaged by the edges of said slots, and removable screw members extending through said side sections and enraging opposite ends of said tie rods.

S). A 'torni tor plastic Valls comprising sections having contact faces, angular tlanges along the longitudinal edges of said sections having` uniformly spaced holes therein, the faces of said sections having a plnralitlvY ot transverse rows oit holes spaced equalli`- with those in the fianges, and transverse stilening ribs extending across the back of said sections.

lll. A 'torni plate. for plastic wall construction comprising contact surfaces, angular lianges along the edges them-foi", ribs on the outer edges ot' said flanges, said contact surfaces and said flanges having openings spaced so that the flanges may be inten changeably fastened together or the flange el. one section plate may be `fastened to the contact surface ot another.

1l. A, form section 'tor plastic wall construction comprising two plates at right angles, 'lianges along the non-adjacent side edges ot said plates and guide members removabhv attached to said flanges.

12. In a term construction 'For plastic walls comprising corner sections, guides along the vertical edges ol said corner sections, `side wall sections movable on said guides, tie members extemling between opposed corner sections. said tie members having a plurality o't' closely spaced openings adapted to serve as guides tor the vertical 'all reii'itorcing.

13. 'ln a form instruction tor plastic `:all construction comprising corner sections, verticali;v movable side wallsections, channel shaped tie members extending be* tween opposed corner sections, said tie members having spaced openings adapted to act as guides tor wallA reinforcing material.

let. A core form Yt'or plastic wall construc tion comprising' side plates, oflset upper edges formed thereon for holding said plates llO .l y 1n spaced relatlon and means clamped between said o'set edges for engaging lifting means.

15. A core form for plastic wall construction comprising side plates, oiset bends on the upper edges of said plates, said ofset bends contacting at the center of the form, channel shaped plates forming a closure or the ends of said form, and opposed channel plates clamped between the said oset bends for engagement with lifting means.

16. A core form for hollow plastic walls comprising overlapping side plates having slots on their lower ends, channel members forming a closure for the ends of said form, offset bends along the top edges of said side plates and opposed channel members clamped between the said offset bends.

17. A wall form for plastic wall construction comprising flat plates, flanges along one of the edges of said plates, means pivotally connecting said plates adjacent one corner and said plates having openings on an arc about said pivot, said openings serving as a gauge for fastening said plates at an angle to each other.

18. A system of forms for plastic wall construction consisting of two relatively spaced vertically extending pairs of corner forming sections, each pair comprising a Self-sustaining rigid and unitary inner angular metal plate member and a complementary outer angular member spaced therefrom, inner and outer wall sections between and engaging the inner and outer corner sections and vertically movable thereon respectively, and means at their engaging points for detachably and adjustably holding the corner and wall sections together with the wall sections supported on the corner sections.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature.

ARTHUR E. TROIEL. 

